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KMID : 1037120210390030406
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The World Journal of Men′s Health
2021 Volume.39 No. 3 p.406 ~ p.418
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Review of Vasectomy Complications and Safety Concerns
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Yang Fang
Li Junjun
Dong Liang
Tan Kun
Huang Xiaopeng
Zhang Peihai
Liu Xiaozhang
Chang Degui
Yu Xujun
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Abstract
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Vasectomy is a simple, safe, effective, and economical method used worldwide for long-term male contraception. As a surgical operation, it has short-term and long-term complications such as hematoma formation, infection, sterilization failure, sperm granulomas, short-term postoperative pain (nodal pain, scrotal pain, and ejaculation pain), and chronic pain syndrome. Whether it increases the risk of autoimmune disease, cardiovascular disease, testicular cancer, or prostate cancer is still controversial. Changes in plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone after vasectomy have also been studied, as well as the relation between vasectomy and sexual function. Sperm quality decreases very slowly after vasectomy, and vasovasostomy and intracytoplasmic sperm injection could help a couple achieve a pregnancy if they change their minds at any point. We include a follow-up strategy and suggestions for follow-up care at the end of this review.
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KEYWORD
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Complications, Contraception, Safety, Vasectomy
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